Abstract
Objectives. Objective of this study/thesis/work was to analyse the level of free time physical activity and its specifics on a sample of the adolescent population. To goal was to analyze the historical factor in each proband and its effect on the activity development. The analysis included information spanning from the initial experience with organized physical activity. The results of the survey are further compared with the conclusions of previous studies on the issue. Methods. A total of 563 respondents (235 boys and 328 girls) from grammar schools in Prague participated in the research. Data were obtained using a questionnaire survey (computer assisted web interviewing – CAWI) based on preliminary research and evaluated using MS Excel, GraphPad Prism and mathematical software R. Results. The preference of just one sport (63.8%) was found in the examined population. Predominant frequency of trainings was 2 to 4 per week (61.2%). The vast majority (93.6%) stated that they participated in fundamental movement training at a younger school age. More than half (61%) experienced pain or injury during physical activity, especially in the lower limbs (61.9%). The main factor in the termination of physical activity were psychosocial reasons (76.9%). Increasing age has not been shown as a factor leading to reduction of physical activity in children. On the contrary, the frequency of activity increased as the children aged (p = 0.02). There was no significant dependence of the current activity on the completion of fundamental movement training (p = 0.08), nor was the confirmation of a general trend of higher activity of boys compared to girls (p = 0.64).
Highlights
With the rapid development of information technology, there is an ongoing discussion of its effects on decreasing physical activity in children
The number of individuals in the sample was limited by the number of these facilities in Prague and the willingness of school management to participate in the research
File characteristics After excluding incomplete questionnaires, the girls represented a majority (n = 328; 58%) compared to boys (n = 235; 42%). This ratio is visible in all age groups except at 13 years, where there is a higher proportion of boys
Summary
With the rapid development of information technology, there is an ongoing discussion of its effects on decreasing physical activity in children. The relevance of the issue is confirmed mainly by the global trend of declining physical activity and quality of movement, which is influenced by several factors. The main initiating reasons for conducting the study of children’s activity are the impact on health and quality of life. The main areas of interest are importance of physical activity, beginning of physical activity, its frequency and subsequent development, including influencing factors during adolescence. Examples of health benefits may be reduced risk or at least delayed onset of civilization diseases, such as childhood obesity or a proven positive effect of activity (and physical activity automatically leads to psychological) on delaying and possibly alleviating the onset of dementia at senior age (Care, 2019; Findholt, 2007; Guthold, Cowan, Autenrieth, Kann, & Riley, 2010; Khan et al, 2009; Rolland, van Kan, & Vellas, 2008; Verghese et al, 2003)
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