Abstract
Tinnitus (noise or ringing of the ears) is a common problem with a higher prevalence in industrialized countries. The basic division distinguishes objective tinnitus, often resulting from vascular anomalies, and subjective tinnitus, which is more common and whose etiopathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Risk factors for tinnitus are common cardiovascular risks, elevated BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, exposure to excessive noise and hearing disorders in general. An important role is also played by psychological aspects of the individual. Tinnitus can be associated with other diseases of the nervous system such as multiple sclerosis or a vestibular schwannoma. Tinnitus can also be experienced by individuals using various classes of drugs (salicylates, aminoglycoside antibiotics, cytostatics). Treatment of tinnitus is challenging; various therapeutic strategies have been developed such as pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, psychotherapy, and rehabilitation.
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