Abstract
ABSTRACT: Colombia is the fourth largest avocado producer globally and the third largest in terms of harvested area, with a 6% share of the world area. The development and promotion of this production line represents an important source of growth in agriculture for Colombia, due to the generation of rural employment, equitable development across the different regions of the country, and due to the diversity of thermal floors and the different varieties planted. Imports of this product have decreased by 96% in the last four years from 3128 tons in 2014 to 133 tons in 2017. In recent years, the projects developed in the Colombian avocado sector have been aimed at the foreign market due to the profitability and demand of the Hass variety of this fruit. In addition, there is a state effort to implement plans for regions free of quarantine pests that allow access to foreign markets. This constitutes a strategic proposal made up of a coherent set of objectives, strategies and programmes which, based on a vision of the future, seek the initial goal of doubling the area of production. That move would ensure the technological and innovative conditions for sustainable and quality production, as well as achieve full links in international markets. This review aimed to know the main developments of avocado production in Colombia, its challenges and opportunities for the next decade.
Highlights
In recent years in Colombia, the areas where avocado (Persea americana Mill) is planted have had a significant increase, because through research and the experiences farmers have increased knowledge about the management of the crop which generates confidence, but because the opening to international markets has generated certainty and better expectations for farmers who have chosen this fruit tree in the country
The avocado fruit has increased its demand in the markets for its functional compounds, given its beneficial effects on human health, since they have high amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants (WANG et al, 2019)
The growing popularity of avocados has led to the rise of avocado products, namely avocado oil
Summary
In recent years in Colombia, the areas where avocado (Persea americana Mill) is planted have had a significant increase, because through research and the experiences farmers have increased knowledge about the management of the crop which generates confidence, but because the opening to international markets has generated certainty and better expectations for farmers who have chosen this fruit tree in the country. The avocado fruit has increased its demand in the markets for its functional compounds, given its beneficial effects on human health, since they have high amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants (WANG et al, 2019). Avocado fat consists predominantly of monounsaturated oleic acid, which has been reported to reduce harmful lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, while maintaining beneficial high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Approved 01.06.21 Returned CR-2020-0903.R1 by the author 02.23.2C1 iência. Typical avocado oil has about 75% monounsaturated fats comprising oleic and palmitoleic acids, where 25% are saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (FOUDJO et al, 2013). Typical avocado oil has about 75% monounsaturated fats comprising oleic and palmitoleic acids, where 25% are saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (AKTAR & ADAL, 2019)
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