Abstract
Fungal entomopathogens are gaining increasing attention as alternatives to chemical control of arthropod pests, and the literature on their use under different conditions and against different species keeps expanding. Our review compiles information regarding the entomopathogenic fungal species Metarhizium flavoviride (Gams and Rozsypal 1956) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and gives account of the natural occurrences and target arthropods that can be controlled using M. flavoviride. Taxonomic problems around M. flavoviride species sensu lato are explained. Bioassays, laboratory and field studies examining the effect of fermentation, culture regimes and formulation are compiled along with studies on the effect of the fungus on target and non-target organisms and presenting the effect of management practices on the use of the fungus. Altogether, we provide information to help conducting basic studies, and by pointing out relatively uncharted territories, help to set new research areas.
Highlights
As an alternative to chemicals, the use of mycoinsecticides is considered an ecologically friendly method in the control of arthropod pests
Our aims were to revise the scientific knowledge of M. flavoviride and to provide a comprehensive review on its production, formulation, use and effectiveness against arthropod pests (Table 2)
We conclude that more studies are needed to investigate the rhizosphere and document the behavior of M. flavoviride and give account of its potential endophytic nature
Summary
As an alternative to chemicals, the use of mycoinsecticides is considered an ecologically friendly method in the control of arthropod pests. More and more fungal strains and isolates are on their way to becoming commercial products available for the market; their use in sustainable pest control is under expansion. Members of the Metarhizium genus (Sorokin) seem to have the potential to become successful entomopathogenic agents. Insects 2019, 10, 385 successful application needs further studies and trials, Metarhizium rileyi ((Farlow) Kepler, S.A. Rehner and Humber) may have strong potential to become a commercial product as it was found effective against Lepidopteran pests. The literature available on M. flavoviride sensu lato raises questions of taxonomic nature, and while there is an array of tests and investigations on, Metarhizium flavoviride sensu lato, the conditions of its use remain relatively unmapped, and its potential has not yet been fully studied and discovered. The most important host species and circumstances of use regarding M. flavoviride sensu lato are presented
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