Abstract
Cannulation of vascular access is both an art and a science. While a person can be taught the basics of inserting needles into a vein, the art of cannulation is all in the details – the nuances of each individual access. Cannulation is more about what is felt rather than seen as palpation is by far the single most useful tool to prevent complications associated with needle insertion. Palpation allows the identification of areas to avoid and to determine how deep the access is below the skin surface and to ascertain the appropriate angle of insertion and the feeling of pressure release as a fistula is entered so that the needle angle is dropped as it is advanced into the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or arteriovenous graft (AVG). This chapter discusses current hemodialysis access technique.
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