Abstract
Extremity compartment syndrome can cause neuromuscular ischemia and deposition of metabolites in the compartment, leading to irreversible lesions which harm limb functions in the end. It is a great challenge for surgeons to make a timely and accurate diagnosis of the syndrome in adults and children. The key is evaluation of the clinical symptoms and intracompartmental pressure. In this paper we summarize the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, and current diagnosis and treatment of acute extremity compartment syndrome of the upper and lower extremities in adults and children. Key words: Compartment syndromes; Diagnosis; Therapy; Measurement of pressure
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