Abstract
Dementia manifests during the presenile and senile periods in many diseases and pathological conditions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are the two main diseases in which cortical dementia is observed. FTLD includes frontotemporal dementia (FTD), progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA), and semantic dementia (SD). Cortical dementia has also been described in posterior cortical atrophy (CPA) and primary progressive non-fluent or logopenic aphasia (PNFLA). This article describes and discusses historical changes in the disease concept; diagnostic characteristics, including pathology and imaging analysis; clinical symptoms based on local cognitive function in the cerebral cortex; and other recent topics on dementia.
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