Abstract
The aetiology of prenatal sinusitis as well as maxillitis is caused by bacteria, micromyces and viruses, often in combination. Acute infection spreads predominantly from meatus to paranasal sinuses resulting in rhinosinusitis development. Natural sinus fistula obstruction due to mucous membrane oedema, endotoxicosis, disorders of tissue immunity and mucociliary clearance, leukocytic infiltration, stimulation of oxygen active forms formation in leukocytes etc. are significant for the disease pathogenesis. As a result, inflammatory and dystrophic changes develop in all layers of sinus walls. The pathological process is affected by a number of confounding factors. The aim of the research is to study the recent research publications for better comprehension of the main factors of maxillitis aetiology and pathogenesis taking into account our research data. Conclusions. Maxillitis is caused by pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses, which are usually spread to sinuses from meatus. Endotoxicosis, the decrease in tissue immunity and mucociliary clearance, inflammatory and dystrophic changes in mucosae and bone layer of sinus walls are very important for the pathogenesis. The significance of neurotrophic disorders is proven. The confounding factors take account of immunodeficiency, cryoglobulinemia, sinus fistula obstruction, adenoidal vegetation, anatomical anomalies of nose, hepatic insufficiency.
Highlights
The aetiology of prenatal sinusitis as well as maxillitis is caused by bacteria, micromyces and viruses, often in combination
Maxillitis is caused by pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses, which are usually spread to sinuses from meatus
Endotoxicosis, the decrease in tissue immunity and mucociliary clearance, inflammatory and dystrophic changes in mucosae and bone layer of sinus walls are very important for the pathogenesis
Summary
1. Pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses, which are usually spread to sinuses from meatus, are the main etiological factors of maxillitis. 2. Endotoxicosis, disorders of tissue immunity and mucociliary clearance, inflammatory and dystrophic changes in mucous membrane and bone layer of sinus walls and development of osteosclerosis, osteopenia and osteoporosis are crucial for the pathogenesis. 3. In the experiment on laboratory animals, significant influence of neurotrophic disorders on the development of acute and chronic maxillitis has been proved. 4. Immunodeficiency, cryoglobulinemia, adenoid vegetations, anatomical anomalies of nose, hepatic failure are the confounding factors
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
