Current clinico-mycological trends of onychopathies in Casablanca

Abstract

Results A total of 88 subjects were examined (45men and 43 women); the average age were 41 years old. Abnormal appearing nails were present in 48 cases. Mycologic evidence of onychomycosis were present in 42 cases. The clinical presentation of onychomycosis was: distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (47%); white superficial onychomycosis (5%); proximal subungual onychomycosis (21%); total dystrophic onychomycosis (26%). Toenail involvement was seen in 26 patients, fingernail in 11 patients while 5 patients had involvement of both fingernail and toenail. The various aspects noted were: Xanthonychia (19 cases), pachonychia (17 cases), onycholysis (7 cases), leuconychia (6 cases) and melanonychia (4 cases). The culture has allowed the confirmation of onychomycosis in 73.3%. Among the 16 positive dermatophytes cultures, Trichophyton rubrum was isolated in 12 cultures, Trichophyton interdigitale in 3 cultures, and Trichophyton Mentagrophyte in one case. Of the 12 non-dermatophytic cultures, Candida albicans and Candida dubliensis were isolated in 4, Candida parapilosis in 2 while Trichosporon spp., and Penicillium spp. in each one.