Current Clinical Status of Vascular Complications in Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Evaluation of Risk Factors

Abstract

Objective: The present study aims to give the current clinical status of vascular complications in Diabetes Mellitus and its risk factors evaluation. Methods: The present prospective cross sectional study was carried out at St. Joseph Hospital, Guntur, A P., India including both out-patient and in- patient departments. The odds ratio and its 99% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for certain risk factor affecting diabetic complications patients. Results: All the results were based on 70 diabetic patient records. The no of female diabetic patients are 35 (50%). Most of the patients, 63.7% have microvascular complications alone, and of these diabetic nephropathy was the most common complication, accounting for 31.8%, followed by neuropathy 17.3%, retinopathy 14.4%, and macrovascular complications like angina (11.5%), atherosclerosis (8.69%) and diabetic foot (4.34%). High LDL and low HDL associated with more diabetic complications. 24% patients reached targeted HbA1c level and 17% had fair fasting plasma glucose concentration. Conclusion: From this study, the findings indicated that age, BMI and triglyceride concentrations are associated with vascular complications. More attention must be paid to elderly diabetic patients with appropriate treatment for high triglycerides. Screening and intervention programs should be implemented early at the diagnosis stage, and risk factors should be treated aggressively. Public health strategies are required in order to improve the current status of diabetic patients and to decrease the rate of prevalence of vascular complications. Key words: Diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, diabetic foot, microvascular, macrovascular, atherosclerosis.