Abstract
Breast implantation (BI) is the most common plastic surgery worldwide performed among women. Generally, BI is performed both in aesthetic and oncoplastic procedures. Recently, the prevalence of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) or breast implant illness (BII) has aroused concerns. As a result, several countries, like Australia, Korea or the United Kingdom, introduced national registries dedicated to the safety and quality of BI surgeries. This narrative review aimed to focus on the clinical challenges, management and the current state of knowledge of BI. Both short and long-term outcomes of BI are determined by various alternatives and differences, which surgeons must consider during the planning and performing breast augmentation along with further complications or risk of reoperation. Proper preoperative decisions and aspects of surgical technique emerged to be equally important. The number of performed breast reconstructions is increasing, providing the finest aesthetic results and improving patient’s quality of life. Choice of prosthesis varies according to individual preferences and anatomical variables. A newly diagnosed cases of BIA-ALCL with lacking data on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are placing it as a compelling medical challenge. Similarly, BII remains one of the most controversial subjects in reconstructive breast surgery due to unspecified diagnostic procedures, and recommendations.
Highlights
Breast implantation (BI) is the most common plastic surgery worldwide performed among women [1]
Choice of prosthesis varies according to individual preferences, anatomy, tissues elasticity and surgeon’s experience
A significant group of patients manifesting these symptoms initiated linking them with breast implants, which eventually led to the creation of the breast implant illness (BII) term [11]
Summary
Breast implantation (BI) is the most common plastic surgery worldwide performed among women [1]. In 2019, nearly 2 million breast augmentation surgeries were performed, comprising 15.8% of all plastic surgery procedures [1]. In 2020, in the United States, there were more than 300,000 procedures involving breast augmentation and reconstruction surgeries [2]. Due to the substantial body’s reaction to a foreign body, hard masses, inflammation, or even extensive tissue necrosis were formed Complications of this procedure included pulmonary embolism or blindness caused by embolism of the cerebral arteries [5]. Numerous unsuccessful trials to use polyvinyl alcohol sponges and polyethene tapes proved no positive results [7] These substances presented many adverse effects as local tissue reactions, deformation of the breasts and discomfort [5]. In 1964, the first saline-filled breast implants were developed and produced by the French company Laboratoires Arion [9]
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