Abstract

Current approach to diuretic resistance in heart failure

Highlights

  • Heart failure is seen in 1% of patients over 65 years old [1]

  • Diuretics are among the main drugs used in this disease with high morbidity and mortality rates [1,2]

  • We present the current approach to diuretic resistance in heart failure in this article

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Summary

Introduction

Heart failure is seen in 1% of patients over 65 years old [1]. Heart failure is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Diuretics are among the main drugs used in this disease with high morbidity and mortality rates [1,2]. 20-30% of patients with heart failure have diuretic resistance. Diuretics reduce congestion and reduce hospitalizations [1]. We present the current approach to diuretic resistance in heart failure in this article

Mechanisms of diuretic resistance
Definition of diuretic resistance
Initial measures
Advanced measures
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