Abstract
Sugarcane is an important industrial crop because it is the major source of white sugar. It is also one of the crops for the alcohol and biofuel industries. Disease-causing organisms can significantly decrease the productivity of sugarcane plants and sugar quality. Among the disease-causing organisms, Colletotrichum falcatum Went causes the most significant economic loss (5–50%) in the sugarcane production due to red rot disease. This loss results in only 31% sugar recovery. It is reported that C. falcatum can kill sugarcane plants. Currently, there is no sustainable way of preventing red rot disease from spreading in sugarcane plantations. Many popular sugarcane varieties are no longer used in sugarcane cultivation because of their susceptibility to C. falcatum. The objectives of this manuscript were to: (i) summarize existing approaches for the early detection of red rot disease and controlling techniques of red rot disease in the field and laboratory and (ii) assess red rot disease control effectiveness so as to propose better methods for mitigating the spread C. falcatum. If our proposition is adopted or practiced, it could significantly contribute to the mitigation of C. falcatum infection in the sugarcane industry. This could enable achieving sustainable cultivation of sugarcanes to guarantee the sustainability of the sugar industry in the tropics and the subtropics.
Highlights
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is regarded as one of the essential cash crops because it improves the socio-economic livelihood of many sugarcane growers [1,2]
Viswanathan et al [34] demonstrated that the enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) technique could detect C. falcatum infection of sugarcane tissue in stalks using polyclonal antiserum raised against the pathogen
Noninvasive strategies to photograph multispectral fluorescence patterns or leaf temperatures across contaminated plants have significantly improved our knowledge on plant responses to biotic stress (Figure 3).With this technique, chlorophyll fluorescence is measured as an incident light factor on plant leaves, and variations of the fluorescence parameters are used to examine the response of pathogenic pathogens to changes in photosynthetic system and pathways of photosynthetic proton transport [52,53,54]
Summary
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is regarded as one of the essential cash crops because it improves the socio-economic livelihood of many sugarcane growers [1,2]. The red rot occurs in 68 sugarcane producing countries [13]. C. falcatum include the development of acervuli with setae, presence or absence of teleomorph, pinkish appearance of colony, sporulation and growth rate [2,17] These characteristics are well described by Sharma et al [18]. Diversity in virulence within pathotypes had revealed that a red rot pathogen undergoes adaptive changes in host cultivars.Viswanathan et al [19] reported that isolates are virulent in susceptible varieties, but not in resistant and moderately susceptible varieties. It is very important to identify the extent of pathogen diversity and the way infection occurs to develop effective disease control and planting management [20].
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