Abstract
Since tumor-specific T cells were first utilized to treat melanoma patients in 1986 [...].
Highlights
There is an increasing number of ongoing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T clinical trials for other types of blood cancer and solid tumors, suggesting that more innovative CAR therapies will soon be available to patients who have had no other traditional options of treatment [3]
The scFv, consisting of the light-chain and heavy-chain variable domains connected by a flexible linker, is still the most common antigen binding domain used in CAR designs [4], but other formats such as camelid single-domain antibodies are making their way into the clinic [5]
cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurs when CAR T cells become potently activated by target cells during the acute phase of response, leading to overwhelming activation and the release of cytokines, such as IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α
Summary
Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. One popular form of cancer immunotherapy is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology, wherein an extracellular antigen-binding domain, usually composed of an antibody-derived single-chain variable fragment (scFv) domain, confers antigen-specific receptor activity [2] This extracellular targeting domain is synthetically recombined with intracellular signaling domains, which can be derived from many immune cell signaling molecules [3]. There is an increasing number of ongoing CAR-T clinical trials for other types of blood cancer and solid tumors, suggesting that more innovative CAR therapies will soon be available to patients who have had no other traditional options of treatment [3] This Special Issue is dedicated to highlighting current advances in chimeric antigen receptor technology and invites manuscripts that report strategies to overcome existing obstacles to wider development and clinical adoption of CAR therapies. Those include, but are not limited to, the challenges described below
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