Cure kinetics, dynamic mechanical and morphological properties of epoxy resin–Im6NiBr2 system

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine effects of a catalyst of Nickel–imidazole, i.e. Im6NiBr2 on the cure reaction and network properties of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. DSC and FT-IR measurements are carried out on the epoxy resin loaded with 5, 15, and 30 phr of nickel salt to get some insights into the storage stability. It has been concluded that the storage stability has mainly depended on the epoxy composition and was the lowest for the highest level of curing agent. Kinetics of the cure has been described by applying iso-conversional method of Ozawa to scanning DSC data demonstrating that the studied cure reaction is autocatalytic in nature. The Kamal phenomenological approach has been utilized to fit the experimental isothermal DSC data. The model showed a satisfactory fitting of the experimental results at either early stages or at the final steps of the studied cure reaction. Further, the model did not provide a reasonable fitting in the propagation step of polymerization, 0.3<α<0.5, possibly due to existence of the additional reaction/s which did not consider in the used model. DMTA is used to find the optimum cure schedule. It has been shown that the sample with a postcure treatment offers the highest value of glass transition temperature (Tg) in the tanδ peak. SEM and X-ray analyses are employed to investigate the fracture surface morphology and to understand the distribution of nickel in the cured samples exhibiting that the nickel is scattered in the continuous phase homogenously. Flexural properties of the sample cured at optimum conditions are also determined.