Abstract
Curcumin [(1E,6E) ‑1,7‑bis(4‑hydroxy‑3‑methoxyphenyl) hepta‑1,6‑diene‑3,5‑ dione] is a natural polyphenol derived from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa. Accumulated evidences have presented curcumin’s function in terms of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, and especially anti-tumor activities. Studies demonstrated that curcumin could exert anti-tumor activity via multiple biological signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, NF-ĸB and apoptosis related signaling pathways. Moreover, Curcumin can inhibit tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis by regulating tumor related non-coding RNA (ncRNA) expression. In this review, we summarized the roles of curcumin in regulating signaling pathways and ncRNAs in different kinds of cancers. We also discussed the regulatory effect of curcumin through inhibiting carcinogenic miRNA and up regulating tumor suppressive miRNA. Furthermore, we aim to illustrate the cross regulatory relationship between ncRNA and signaling pathways, further to get a better understanding of the anti-tumor mechanism of curcumin, thus lay a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of curcumin in the future.
Highlights
Malignant tumor is a tremendous threat to human health with high heterogeneity
These findings will help us better understand the molecular mechanism between curcumin and ncRNAs in antitumor, and the potentiality of clinical adjuvant treatment
Curcumin is a natural compound with potential drug value in adjuvant treatment of tumors
Summary
Malignant tumor is a tremendous threat to human health with high heterogeneity. Most cancer retain untreatable the understanding of cancer on a molecular level has been improved in the past years. According to the latest data released by World Health Organization (WHO), the number of deaths due to malignant tumors is still increasing every year [1]. In exploring the way to treat cancer, scientists have been constantly finding and developing new drugs to treat cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted drugs, and immunotherapy, and so on. Accumulated studies have shown that some natural compounds have a good effect on antitumor therapy, which provides us an alternative way to treat and manage cancer
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