Abstract
Curcumin from Curcuma longa is a nutraceutical compound reported to possess strong antioxidant activity that makes it a candidate for use in counteracting oxidative stress-induced damage. The effect of pre-treatment with curcumin nanoparticles (nC) compared to conventional curcumin (Cs) on blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and biological changes on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats had been investigated. The Cs doses of 150 and 200 mg/kg bw and all nC doses (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg bw) significantly reduced heart rate before ISO administration and prevented QRS complex enlargement after MI induction (p < 0.026). All doses of Cs and nC prevented prolongation of the QT and QT corrected (QTc) intervals, with better results for higher doses (p < 0.048). The nC solution had more significant results than Cs in all metabolic parameters assessed (lactate dehydrogenase, glycaemia, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase, p < 0.009). nC was more efficient than Cs in limiting myocardial oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidative capacity (p < 0.004). Compared to Cs, nC better prevented myocardial damage extension, reduced interstitial oedema, and inflammation. Curcumin nanoparticles as compared to conventional curcumin exert better antioxidative effects. Moreover, nC better prevent cardiomyocytes damage, and electrocardiogram alterations, in the case of ISO-induced MI in rats.
Highlights
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and is the primary cause of death in developed countries, despite rapid advancements made in the treatment strategies of ischemic heart disease [1,2]
Our study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-treatment with curcumin nanoparticles solution compared to conventional curcumin solution on blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG), and biological changes on ISO-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats
No rat died during the follow-up, so the analysis was conducted on all seven rats in each experimental group
Summary
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and is the primary cause of death in developed countries, despite rapid advancements made in the treatment strategies of ischemic heart disease [1,2]. Catecholamines at low concentrations exert a positive inotropic effect, so they are considered to have a beneficial effect in regulating the activity of the heart [7] Even so, their administration in high doses or excessive releasing from the endogenous stores may lead to a depletion of the energy reserve of cardiomyocytes, resulting in severe biological and structural changes, and eventually to irreversible damage and death [7]. Curcumin from Curcuma longa is a nutraceutical compound reported to possess strong antioxidant activity that makes it a candidate for use in counteracting oxidative stress-induced damage [10] It has a long history for the treatment of several diseases such as cancers, digestive disorders, and infectious, liver, rheumatoid diseases, diabetes and atherosclerosis [11,12,13]. In spite of its beneficial effects, due to fast metabolism, rapid systemic elimination, low gastrointestinal absorption, low aqueous solubility, and alkaline pH degradation, curcumin has a decreased bioavailability, which may represent a limitation of its clinical usage [14]
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