Curcumin, Curcumin Nanoparticles and Curcumin Nanospheres: A Review on Their Pharmacodynamics Based on Monogastric Farm Animal, Poultry and Fish Nutrition.

Mohammad Moniruzzaman,Taesun Min

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics12050447

Abstract

Nanotechnology is an emerging field of science that is widely used in medical sciences. However, it has limited uses in monogastric farm animal as well as fish and poultry nutrition. There are some works that have been done on curcumin and curcumin nanoparticles as pharmaceutics in animal nutrition. However, studies have shown that ingestion of curcumin or curcumin nanoparticles does not benefit the animal health much due to their lower bioavailability, which may result because of low absorption, quick metabolism and speedy elimination of curcumin from the animal body. For these reasons, advanced formulations of curcumin are needed. Curcumin nanospheres is a newly evolved field of nanobiotechnology which may have beneficial effects in terms of growth increment, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects on animal and fish health by means of nanosphere forms that are biodegradable and biocompatible. Thus, this review aims to highlight the potential application of curcumin, curcumin nanoparticles and curcumin nanospheres in the field of monogastric farm animal, poultry and fish nutrition. We do believe that the review provides the perceptual vision for the future development of curcumin, curcumin nanoparticles and curcumin nanospheres and their applications in monogastric farm animal, poultry and fish nutrition.

Highlights

Biotechnology and nanotechnology are considered as the 21st century’s most emerging and advanced technologies
Experimental Findings no beneficial effect of dietary turmeric rhizome powder (TRP) on blood biochemical and meat characteristics of broiler rabbits reared under summer stress curcumin decreased Eimeria spp. oocysts excretion efficiently at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW with 80.1%, 63.7% and 64.9% for days 28, 35 and 42, respectively, with reducing concentration of eggs per gram of feces with about 20.1, 15.6 and 17.8 for days 14, 21 and 35, respectively
The results demonstrated that nerolidol nanospheres supplementation improved the growth, survival, antioxidant activities and fillet fatty acids profile and attenuated/reduced hepatic cellular damage, impaired bioenergetics, microbial contents and neuronal damage as well as disease resistance against the pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium, Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia

Summary

Introduction

Biotechnology and nanotechnology are considered as the 21st century’s most emerging and advanced technologies. Nanotechnology deals with the conversion of larger molecules to nanometer size and it changes the physico-chemical nature of the cell matrix in terms of human or animal welfare. Nanomaterials can be classified into four categories: metals, polymers, natural compounds and nanostructured materials [19]. Polymers of nanomaterials are pieces of nanometer-sized polymers which are biodegradable and biocompatible and can be utilized very well [24]. Nanoparticles that come from natural sources are known as natural compounds (natural polymers or proteins) which are highly biodegradable, biocompatible and distributable in the body [19]. From a nutritional point of view, natural and nanostructured nanoparticles have great advantages in terms of nutrient delivery by means of encapsulation or adhesion of the nanomaterials. Nutrients can be delivered in the form of nanoparticles or in aided forms such as nanocapsules and emulsifications as well as nanosphere forms

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