Abstract
Turmeric is a curry spice that originated from India, which has attracted great interest in recent decades because it contains bioactive curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin). Curcumin (1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione), a lipophilic polyphenol may work as an anticancer, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging agent as suggested by several in vitro, in vivo studies and clinical trials. However, poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profiles limit curcumin’s therapeutic usage. To address these issues, several curcumin formulations have been developed. However, suboptimal sample preparation and analysis methodologies often hamper the accurate evaluation of bioactivities and their clinical efficacy. This review summarizes recent research on biological, pharmaceutical, and analytical aspects of the curcumin. Various formulation techniques and corresponding clinical trials and in vivo outcomes are discussed. A detailed comparison of different sample preparation (ultrasonic, pressurized liquid extraction, microwave, reflux) and analytical (FT-IR, FT-NIR, FT-Raman, UV, NMR, HPTLC, HPLC, and LC-MS/MS) methodologies used for the extraction and quantification of curcuminoids in different matrices, is presented. Application of optimal sample preparation, chromatographic separation, and detection methodologies will significantly improve the assessment of different formulations and biological activities of curcuminoids.
Highlights
The use of nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, and functional foods has gained significant popularity globally over the past few decades due to increased interest in natural products and their potential health benefits [1,2,3,4]
This review presents current research updates in the areas of CCMs formulations, and their clinical preparation [25,26,27,28,29,31,32,33,35,36,37,38,39], and various methodologies used to analyze CCMs [25,26,33,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49]
The evidence for curcumin (CUR) as a potential therapeutic agent and nutraceutical has increased in recent decades
Summary
The use of nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, and functional foods has gained significant popularity globally over the past few decades due to increased interest in natural products and their potential health benefits [1,2,3,4]. A plant-derived curry spice, has been recognized for its medicinal properties [2]. Due to these advantages, several turmeric dietary supplements are available in the global market with varying formulations and health claims (supporting joint comfort, promoting mobility and flexibility, enhancing cognitive functioning, and providing cardiovascular health benefits) [1,2,3,4,5]. The curcumin global market was estimated to be around half a billion US dollars in 2016 and is projected to register a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13% over the period of 2018–2025 [10]
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