Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes is one of the major public health concerns. Prediabetes can increase the risk of developing some non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Given the increasing trend of prediabetes, it is critical to control it and prevent its complications. Curcumin is a major bioactive component of turmeric. Zinc is an antioxidant nutrient. The present trial aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin and zinc co-supplementation along with a loss-weight diet on serum lipid profiles in overweight or obese patients with prediabetes.MethodsEighty-four participants were randomized to four groups (curcumin (500 mg/day), zinc (30 mg/day), “curcumin and zinc”, and placebo) for 90 days. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), non-HDL, HDL/LDL ratio, weight, BMI, waist circumstance (WC), hip circumstance (HC), physical activity (PA) and dietary intake were determined pre and post-intervention. This study will be conducted at Yazd Diabetes Research Clinic, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.ResultsTotally, 82 participants were included in the final analysis. After the adjusted PA effect, changes in serum TG (adjusted p = 0.001), LDL (adjusted p = 0.035), non-HDL (adjusted p = 0.003), HDL/LDL ratio (adjusted p = 0.002), and HDL (adjusted p < 0.0001) revealed a significant difference between the groups. However, the changes in weight (adjusted p = 0.004) and BMI (adjusted p = 0.006) were significant but the changes in dietary intake, PA, WC, and HC were non-significant (adjusted p ≥ 0.05). Despite that there was a significant difference for post-intervention HDL levels (adjusted p = 0.016), other lipid profiles showed no significant difference (adjusted p ≥ 0.05).ConclusionThe beneficial effects of “curcumin and zinc” co-supplementation was reported for the changes of some lipid profiles (TG, LDL, HDL, non-HDL, and HDL to LDL ratio), BMI, and weight with no positive effects on TC, dietary intake, PA, WC, and HC. Therefore, it may play a potential role in the prevention of macro and microvascular complications.Trial registration The project is a registered clinical trial (Registration number: IRCT20190902044671N1, Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), registered October 11, 2019.
Highlights
Prediabetes status is defined as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and/or HbA1C 5.7–6.4% [1]
The mild side effects including headache (n = 2) in curcumin group, headache (n = 1) in zinc group, headache (n = 1), nausea (n = 2), dizziness (n = 1) in “curcumin and zinc” group, and headache (n = 1), nausea (n = 1), hearing impairment (n = 1) in placebo group were reported by the participants
It seems under the supervision of a nutritionist along with the closure of bars, restaurants, and coffee shops, remote staff, and enough time to prepare foods in the home due to COVID-19 quarantine may have led to the healthy selection of foods without the remarkable changes in the amount of food which contributed to the improvement of some of serum lipid profiles in the placebo groups
Summary
Prediabetes status is defined as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and/or HbA1C 5.7–6.4% [1]. Some complications of prediabetes include macrovascular (cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, peripheral artery disease), microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1, 2]. Early diagnosis and effective intervention are critical to control prediabetes and delay its complications [5]. Recent researches have shown too much attention to phytochemicals and the antioxidant trace elements to treat and control some diseases (T2DM, prediabetes, metabolic syndrome, CVD, and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI)) [6,7,8,9,10,11]. The present trial aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin and zinc co-supplementation along with a lossweight diet on serum lipid profiles in overweight or obese patients with prediabetes
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