Curcumin and vinblastine induce apoptosis and impair migration in human cutaneous melanoma cells

Taís Vidal Palma,Ivana Beatrice Mânica Da Cruz,Cinthia Melazzo De Andrade,Maria Rosa Chitolina,Vinícius Leobet Lunkes,Charles Elias Assmann,Moisés Henrique Mastella,Vera Maria Melchiors Morsch,Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro,Micheli Mainardi Pillat

doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25611

Taís Vidal Palma, Ivana Beatrice Mânica Da Cruz + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25611

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Abstract

Cancer is an important cause of lethality, and melanoma is associated with less than 10% of survival. The traditional treatment includes the use of vinblastine, and it is associated with side effects. Curcumin is extracted from Curcuma longa rhizomes, and studied in many diseases, producing a variety of effects. We investigated the role of various cellular pathways concerning apoptosis, cell cycle enzymes in melanoma cell line SK-MEL-28, after treatment with curcumin, vinblastine, or a combination of both, for 24 hours. After this, we performed cell cycle, apoptosis, wound healing assay, comet assay on cells, and evaluated nitrite accumulation (nitric oxide (NO•) byproduct). Curcumin increased cells in apoptosis and reduced the number of cells in the G1 phase. Vinblastine increased the production of nitrite, and cells in early apoptosis, mainly through the inducement of DNA damage. Cell migration was impaired in all tested groups. In conclusion, curcumin impaired migration, producing NO•, and promoting apoptosis of tumoral cells. Vinblastine also impaired cell migration and increased levels of NO•. Curcumin might be included as an adjuvant in the treatment of melanoma, and help treatment of melanoma, and further studies are needed, especially regarding the synergistic effect of curcumin and vinblastine in the treatment.

Highlights

IntroductionMelanoma skin cancer is associated with high metastasis and prognostic with metastatic disease is reserved, less than 10% survival (Gershenwald et al, 2017)
Cancer has a high worldwide incidence and lethality (Sung et al, 2021)
The scratches were significantly (p

Summary

Introduction

Melanoma skin cancer is associated with high metastasis and prognostic with metastatic disease is reserved, less than 10% survival (Gershenwald et al, 2017). With this in mind, it’s important to evaluate adjuvant substances, which might help during the treatment. Curcumin (CUR), known as diferuloylmethane, is a substance extracted from Curcuma longa rhizomes, and extensively studied in many cancer diseases (Willenbacher et al, 2019). It interacts with a high range of proteins and pathways, producing different effects, like inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis (Hassanalilou et al, 2019). CUR modulates production of nitric oxide (NO) and DNA cell damage, as indicated by previous works (Longobardi et al, 2021)

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