Abstract
This study evaluated the prospective molecular and biochemical mechanisms behind the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin in Wistar rats exposed to KBrO3. Techniques for assessment of hepatic oxidative injury and histological biomarkers were used. The concentrations of proteins connected with inflammation (e.g. tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins 1β (IL-1β) and C-reactive protein (CRP)) were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. Results showed that, curcumin administered orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg for 28 days significantly suppressed the activities of serum transaminases and alkaline induced by KBrO3 administration (20 mg/kg, twice weekly) and protected the integrity of the liver tissue. Also, curcumin at the tested dose abridged the KBrO3-induced increase in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and reversed KBrO3 mediated reduction in activities of hepatic antioxidant molecules including reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiol (TSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, curcumin significantly assuaged inflammatory response in KBrO3-lesioned liver as revealed by the decrease in inflammatory biomarkers. This study suggests that curcumin exhibits a protective effect via induction of hepatic detoxification proteins and inhibition of inflammatory proteins in addition to its antioxidative ability in KBrO3- induced hepatic injury in rats.
Highlights
Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is required for a wide range of activities in many industries such as food and cosmetics industries (IARC,1986)
The ability of curcumin to alleviate KBrO3-induced hepatic damage was estimated by determining the activities of AST, ALT and Alkaline phosphatases (ALP)
C-reactive protein (CRP), one of the acute phase proteins (APPs) secreted from the hepatocytes is generally up-regulated in many malignancies including those related to the hepatic cells (De Mello et al, 1983; Falconer et al, 1995; Gockel et al, 2006; Crumley et al, 2006), the deliberate inhibition of signaling network concerned with upregulation of serum CRP level is considered to be effective in the prevention of malignant diseases
Summary
Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is required for a wide range of activities in many industries such as food and cosmetics industries (IARC,1986). The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2, hydroxyl radicals (OH·) and superoxide anion (O2−) in KBrO3-induced hepatotoxicity has been reported thereby culminating in oxidative stress, which is one of the important mechanisms for several pathological conditions including hepatic injury, tissue wasting, neoplastic transformation, and tumor generation (Nakae et al, 1997; Wills et al, 2006; Pradeep et al, 2007; Uchida et al, 2018). Hepatocytes are known to constantly secrete vast array of proteins which serve crucial functions in the activation of innate immunity (Zhou et al, 2016), and these proteins are categorized as acute-phase proteins (APPs). The production of these APPs are enhanced by many inflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor
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