Curcuma longa hydrolate improves Nile tilapia survival in a recirculation rearing system, maintaining the animal homeostasis and modulating the gut microbial community.

Marina O Pereira,Julia D Hess,Amanda Chaban,Adolfo Jatobá,Julio Cesar B Rodhermel,Delano D Schleder,Jaqueline I A De Andrade,Daniel R Farias,Fabiano C Bertoldi,Luciano Alves

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120210088

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the dietary supplementation Curcuma longa hydrolate on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in a recirculation system. Hemato-immunological parameters, growth performance, nitrogen and phosphorus retention, as well as body composition and its interaction with the intestinal microbiota, were studied. Nile tilapia fingerlings (120) were distributed randomly in 8 polyethylene tanks (40 L). The experimental units were divided into two treatments, in quadruplicate: commercial diet supplemented with 2.5% of C. longa hydrolate and commercial diet without supplementation (control). After 45 days, the treatment supplemented hydrolate showed higher survival than the control group, 95.25% and 82.22%, receptively. In the blood profile, fish supplemented with hydrolate had a higher count of total leukocytes and neutrophils, as well as mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, than control group. The hydrolate group showed a substantial increase in the relative abundance of Cetobacterium and Romboutsia, as well as lower diversity in gut microbiota. The dietary addition of C. longa hydrolate for Nile tilapia seems to have a beneficial effect on gut microbiota, in addition to a likely positive effect on the physiological performance of Nile tilapia by maintaining intestinal homeostasis and promoting survival in reared conditions.

Highlights

Aquaculture has become the main activity for the provision of fishery, increasing in production by 60% between 2007 and 2017 and ensuring an adequate supply of aquatic animal protein to the growing world population (Ocde/Fao)
Fish farming in Brazil produced 802 thousand tons in 2020, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most produced species in Brazil, representing more than 55.0% of national production, thereby consolidating the country as the fourth largest tilapia producer in the world (Anuário Peixe-BR 2021). This growth in production could be associated with the fast growth Nile tilapia, its ability to adapt to artificial food and intensive production systems, in addition to its acceptance by the consumer market based on being considered a source
This study was carried out in the Laboratório de Aquicultura (Laq) do Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Campus Araquari, and it was approved by the National Council for the Control of Animal Experimentation (CONCEA) under protocol number 157/2016

Summary

Introduction

Aquaculture has become the main activity for the provision of fishery, increasing in production by 60% between 2007 and 2017 and ensuring an adequate supply of aquatic animal protein to the growing world population (Ocde/Fao). Fish farming in Brazil produced 802 thousand tons in 2020, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most produced species in Brazil, representing more than 55.0% of national production, thereby consolidating the country as the fourth largest tilapia producer in the world (Anuário Peixe-BR 2021). This growth in production could be associated with the fast growth Nile tilapia, its ability to adapt to artificial food and intensive production systems, in addition to its acceptance by the consumer market based on being considered a source. Several simple options are possible, including liming, monitoring of water quality parameters, asepsis of the materials used in the tanks/ponds, as well as the application of vaccines, probiotics and food additives (Jatobá et al 2016)

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