Abstract
AbstractA copper phosphide/carbon (CuP2/C) composite was synthesized by using a two‐step ball‐milling process from copper metal and red phosphorous and investigated as a negative electrode for a sodium secondary battery using Na[FSA]−[C3C1pyrr][FSA] [FSA=bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide anion and C3C1pyrr=N‐methyl‐N‐propylpyrrolidinium cation] ionic liquid as the electrolyte. Operation at an intermediate temperature of 363 K revealed that the aforementioned composite showed a large reversible capacity of 595 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and a high rate capability with a capacity retention of 65 % (366 mAh g−1) at a high current density of 8000 mA g−1. Cyclability tests confirmed that 71.0 % of the initial capacity was retained at the 200th cycle with 99.5 % coulombic efficiency at 500 mA g−1. The CuP2/C composite forms a solid‐electrolyte interphase layer during the initial charging step and becomes amorphous after the initial charge‐discharge cycle at 363 K.
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