Abstract
Amberlite IRA900 Cl, the macroreticular, polystyrene/divinylbenzene anion exchanger containing quaternary ammonium groups, was used as the support for copper(II) oxide deposition, and, as a result a new hybrid ion exchanger (HIX) was obtained. The CuO deposit was introduced into the anion exchanger structure in two steps conducted batchwise at ambient temperature. First, the functional groups were transformed from the Cl- into the CuCl42- form, using 5 mol dm−3 NaCl or HCl solution with CuCl2 being added, and then the intermediate product was contacted with NaOH/NaCl solution to precipitate CuO within the polymer beads. A HIX containing as much as 11.5% Cu was obtained. The distribution of the inorganic load within the porous matrix of polymer beads was atypical; CuO was mainly deposited in the outer parts of the beads and only a small amount was in their inner parts. This may be advantageous in some practical applications concerning the removal of harmful admixtures from waters in sorption processes.
Highlights
Hybrid ion exchangers (HIX) form a major group of hybrid polymers
We have presented the synthesis of a new HIX containing CuO dispersed within the matrix of a strongly alkaline macroreticular anion exchanger (An) which was used as the polymeric support [8]
It is not easy to dope CuO particles within the matrix of anion exchanger because the precursor of such particles, that is, Cu2+ ions, cannot be ion exchanged onto an anion exchanger
Summary
Hybrid ion exchangers (HIX) form a major group of hybrid polymers. They are obtained from synthetic ion exchangers into the structure of which an inorganic deposit is introduced. The presence of proper inorganic constituent results in excellent and selective adsorption properties of HIX for removal of target pollutants from contaminated water and wastewater, while same-sign functional groups of polymer matrix greatly enhance the permeation of the pollutant ion and its preconcentration prior to effective sorption by inorganic particles (the Donnan membrane effect) [1,2,3]. Due to their physical form (spherical beads), HIX can be used, as a bed in a column, in dynamic conditions. Only few reports about synthesis of HIX containing CuO deposit have been published [6,7,8]
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