Abstract
Hydrogenation of CO2 relative to valuable chemical compounds such as methanol or dimethyl ether (DME) is an attractive route for reducing CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. In the present work, the hydrogenation of CO2 into DME over CuO-In2O3, supported on halloysite nanotubes (HNT) was investigated in the temperature range 200–300 °C at 40 atm. HNT appears to be novel promising support for bifunctional catalysts due to its thermal stability and the presence of acidic sites on its surface. CuO-In2O3/HNT catalysts demonstrate higher CO2 conversion and DME selectivity compared to non-indium CuO/HNT catalysts. The catalysts were investigated by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, hydrogen-temperature programmed reduction and transition electron microscopy. The acid sites were analyzed by temperature programmed desorption of ammonia. It was shown that CuO/HNT was unstable under reaction conditions in contrast to CuO-In2O3/HNT. The best CuO-In2O3/HNT catalyst provided CO2 conversion of 7.6% with 65% DME selectivity under P = 40 atm, T = 250 °C, gas hour space velocity 12,000 h−1 and H2:CO2 = 3:1.
Highlights
Global warming is considered as one of the global environmental concerns along with air pollution
We report the synthesis, catalytic activity and structural characterization of novel copper and copper-indium catalysts, supported on halloysite nanotubes (HNT) in CO2 hydrogenation to dimethyl ether (DME)
Fresh and used CuO/HNT and CuO-In2 O3 /HNT catalysts were studied by several methods, such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), SBET, NH3 -TPD and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES)
Summary
Global warming is considered as one of the global environmental concerns along with air pollution. In order to address these issues, researchers are developing new methods to efficiently convert carbon dioxide into valuable chemical materials. One of these methods include the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol or dimethyl ether (DME) [1]. The direct synthesis of DME is more favorable than methanol due to thermodynamics [2], higher H/C ratio and non-toxicity. The dimethyl ether (DME) is one of the most important chemicals due to its properties and application in various fields. DME is considered as an alternative “green” fuel because its properties are similar to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); it can be stored and transported by using the existing infrastructure for LPG [3,4].
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