Abstract
One of the major challenges of nano-biotechnology is to engineer potent antimicrobial nanostructures (NS) with high biocompatibility. Keeping this in view, we have performed aqueous olive leaf extract mediated one pot facile synthesis of CuO-NS and CeO2-NS. Prepared NS were homogenous, less than 26 nm in size, and small crystallite units as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CuO-NS and CeO2-NS showed typical Cu-O prints around 592–660 cm-1 and Ce-O bond vibrations at 453 cm-1. The successful capping of CuO-NS and CeO2-NS by compounds present in the plant extract was further validated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Active phyto-chemicals from the leaf extract simultaneously acted as strong reducing as well as capping agent in the NS synthesis. NS engineered in the present study showed antibacterial potential at extremely low concentration against highly virulent multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative strains (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), alarmed by World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, CuO-NS and CeO2-NS did not show any cytotoxicity on HEK-293 cell lines and Brine shrimp larvae indicating that the NS green synthesized in the present study are biocompatible.
Highlights
NS engineered in the present study showed antibacterial potential at extremely low concentration against highly virulent multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative strains (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), alarmed by World Health Organization (WHO)
When the green synthesized NS were subjected to progressively increasing temperature, the loss of ED FIGURE 4 | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of CuO-NS and CeO2-NS green-synthesized using olive leaf extract
When the green synthesized NS were subjected to increasingly high temperature, there was a breakdown of surface capping agent, which resulted in the combustion of bio-capping agent attached to the surface of NS
Summary
Using Olive Leaf Extract Inhibits the Growth of Highly Virulent Multidrug Resistant Bacteria. Microbial invasions, drug resistance, and random mutations are the hot topics under discussion today. There is a race between drug development and bacterial resistance (Puzyn et al, 2011; Saravanakumar et al, 2017). The loss of efficiency to cure microbial infections is persistently observed for several drugs (Puzyn et al, 2011). Many antimicrobial agents that revolutionized treatment against infections in the past have lost their bactericidal capabilities (Zaman et al, 2017). The potential threat to mankind gets higher when WHO issued the list of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogen in 2017, which includes Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas. According to WHO observations, these bacteria are resistant even to the Biocompatible CuO and CeO2 Nanostructures strongest third generation antibiotics (cephalosporin group). According to WHO observations, these bacteria are resistant even to the Biocompatible CuO and CeO2 Nanostructures strongest third generation antibiotics (cephalosporin group). the presence of antioxidants like oleuropein, oleuroside and
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