Abstract
Objective: Cuminum cyminum (cumin) extract has potential antibacterial and antifungal activities and is not toxic for mouse fibroblasts. However, toour knowledge, no research exists investigating the toxicity of cumin extract on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Therefore, we compared the viabilityof DPSCs after treatment with different doses of the cumin extract (0.1, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 mg/mL) at 1 h, 24 h, and 4 days.Methods: DPSCs were gently evacuated from exfoliated third molars. Subsequently, cumin seeds were extracted by steam distillation toobtain 0.1, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 mg/mL concentrations. Then, the cell viability of DPSCs was analyzed using the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay by calculating the absorbance values using a microplate reader, with the optical density (OD) as the finalresult.Results: There were statistically significant differences in the viability of DPSCs (p<0.05) between 0.1 and 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 mg/mL cumin extract, butthere was no difference (p≥0.05) in the viability of DPSCs at 1 h in each group.Conclusion: The cumin extract at all concentrations did not affect the viability of DPSCs at 1 h. However, the cumin extract at 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 mg/mLdecreased the viability of DPSCs at 24 h and 4 days.
Highlights
Plants are valuable biological natural resources that can be used as medicines because they contain a wide variety of natural chemical compounds with pharmacological effects [1]
The characteristics of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were seen from the flow cytometry analysis of surface antigen expression
The results were positive for CD90 (98.3%) DPSCs, CD73 (98.5%), and CD105 (71%)
Summary
Plants are valuable biological natural resources that can be used as medicines because they contain a wide variety of natural chemical compounds with pharmacological effects [1]. To improve the biologic safety, herbal medicines that chemically have the same compounds that can support the regenerative endodontic treatment are selected [2,3,4,5,6,7]. The standardization process of herbal medicines consists of various chemical analysis methods based on biocompatibility tests on a medicinal plant extract [1,8]. A substance is considered nontoxic or biocompatible if the viability test results in a percentage of living cells ≥70% of the control [6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
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