Cultures of aged care delivery: Qualitative content analysis of Australia's Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety.

Abstract

Organisational culture is increasingly recognised as influencing the quality of care provided to patients and residents of aged care, both in research and in policy. For example, investigations into quality and safety issues in health care frequently highlight cultural problems, but often without adequate theorisation of culture. This study aimed at identifying how cultures of care delivery are considered in the final report of the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety, and its subsequent implications. A documentary analysis was performed on the five volumes of the final report using qualitative content analysis. Of 211 references to culture, the majority focussed on organisational culture (n=155), followed by the sector's culture (n=26), the culture of the agencies involved in managing aged care (n=21) and the national culture relating to the treatment of older people (n=8). These cultures were discussed in five ways: (1) highlighting poor culture as a problem (n=56); (2) showcasing the style of culture that should be aspired to (n=45); (3) reinforcing the importance of culture (n=38); (4) making attributions about factors contributing to culture (n=33); and (5) discussing the need for culture change (n=30). The Royal Commission's findings emphasise the importance of care culture and the need for change but provided limited guidance on how this should be achieved, or culture conceptualised.