Abstract
Hippo signalling represents a cell proliferation and organ-size control pathway. Yorki (Yki), a component of the Hippo pathway, induces the transcription of a number of targets that promote cell proliferation and survival. The functions of Yki have been characterized in Drosophila and mammals, while there are few reports on silkworm, Bombyx mori. In the present study, we found that BmYki3 facilitates cell migration and cell division, and enlarges the cultured cell and wing disc size. Co-immunoprecipitation results indicated that BmYki3 may interact with thymosin, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, protein kinase ASK1, dedicator of cytokinesis protein 1, calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and beta-spectrin. RNA-seq results indicated that 4444 genes were upregulated and 10 291 genes were downregulated after BmYki3 was overexpressed in the cultured cells. GO annotation indicated that the up/downregulated genes were enriched in 268/382 GO terms (p < 0.01); KEGG analysis showed that the up/downregulated genes were enriched in 49/101 pathways. These findings provided novel information to understand the functions of BmYki3 in a cell proliferation and organ-size control pathway.
Highlights
The Hippo signalling pathway, first discovered in Drosophila, is a recently found growth control pathway [1]
30% of the front wing increased by more than 7% in length in the group injected with pIZT/ V5-His-BmYki3, while the abnormal wing was not observed in the group injected with water. These results indicated that BmYki3 could enlarge the wing disc size
Yki is a transcriptional co-activator protein with a WW domain that is negatively regulated by Hippo signalling, which promotes its cytoplasmic localization [23]
Summary
The Hippo signalling pathway, first discovered in Drosophila, is a recently found growth control pathway [1]. It has been widely reported that the Hippo signalling pathway plays an important role in cell differentiation, pattern formation and organ size regulation. Recent studies have shown that the Hippo signalling pathway is evolutionary highly conserved and is shared by multicellular animals such as fruit flies, mice and other mammals. The Hippo pathway controls Drosophila organ growth by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis [3]. The Hippo pathway is defined by a kinase cascade whereby the serine-threonine-like kinase protein Hippo (Hpo), facilitated by the WW-domain-containing adaptor protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates the NDR family kinase protein Warts (Wts). Inactivation of Hpo, Sav, Wts or Mats, or overexpression of Yki, results in massive tissue overgrowth characterized by excessive cell proliferation
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