Abstract
Ethnic groups are known as minorities in any society. However, the richness of their culture can never be undermined, rather, it serves as defining stuff of history that is worthy of being upheld and preserved. This ethnographic study was specifically designed to investigate how the Panay Bukidnon-Halawodnons in barangay Agcalaga, Calinog, Iloilo, Philippines upheld their cultural society amidst the influence of the mainstream institutions in their community during the 1st quarter of 2019. The informants were chosen through purposive sampling on the basis of the inclusion criteria set before them. Permission from the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) and the cultural community was secured prior to the conduct of fieldwork in the said area. The researchers performed data triangulation and ground truths for the validity of data and observed data saturation for the reliability of the gathered data. NVivo 12 Plus was used for conceptual analysis while the researchers themselves did the analytic analysis. Barangay Agcalaga is generally on its midway progress. Being a cultural community, the Panay Bukidnon-Halawodnons in this place maintain their cultures such as Council of Elders, "binanog" dance, rituals in farming, house construction, circumcision, dagaan, luy-a luy-a, and batak-dungan; bayanihan; babaylan; and love of nature while their lost cultures include binukot; serenade (harana); traditional IP house; burial rites (embalming); dowry system; primitive costumes (bahag and patadyong). The Philippine government is called to ratify the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No. 169 or Convention 169 to fortify the cultures of the Indigenous Peoples not only in Calinog, Iloilo but also in the entire country.
Highlights
These developments in Agcalaga captured the interest of the researchers to conduct a study in order to explore how Panay Bukidnons in barangay Agcalaga, Calinog, Iloilo uphold their culture amidst the emergence of institutions in their community in the 1st quarter of 2019
Results revealed that barangay Agcalaga, Calinog, Iloilo, Philippines can still be considered as indigenous despite their having been assimilated into the larger mainstream society
It was concluded that the said cultural community in Barangay Agcalaga is continuously progressing in terms of economic, social, and cultural contexts
Summary
Based on the record of Calinog Tourism Office (2018), barangay Agcalaga belongs to the top 5 with the most number of IP members in the town and is known as members of Garangan-Masaroy-Agcalaga Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (GMA-CADT) These Panay Bukidnon-Halawodnons have existed even prior to the coming of the Spaniards in the country and are governed by its political and social organization. Not until 1991 when the Local Government Code was institutionalized which required the establishment of barangays in each town and governed by Barangay Chairman/Captain (Marcos, 2014; Talledo, 2004) Such law has brought considerable impact on the political and social sphere of these IP communities in most barangays in Calinog, those who are located near the town, like barangay Agcalaga which has become more susceptible to lowland influences brought about by sudden modernization endeavors. This study further intended to investigate whether the community can still be considered indigenous and/or acculturated into the larger mainstream of Philippine society
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