Abstract
Shewanella species belonging to dissimilatory metal bacteria were found to decolorize most textile dyes and had also attracted great interests in regard to bioremediation. However, studies have rarely been reported on Shewanella xiamenensis BC01, which was isolated as a biodecolorization and bioelectricity strain recently. In this study, the effect of cultivation conditions on S. xiamenensis BC01 was studied to explore how environmental conditions may influence S. xiamenensis growth and swarming motility. Shewanella xiamenensis BC01 grew over a wide range of pH (5.0–9.0) and mild temperatures (25–42 °C). The optimal conditions for cell growth were using Luria-Bertani (LB) as medium with shaking at 150 rpm, 37 °C, and pH 8.0 which had been confirmed by shift pH and temperature. S. xiamenensis BC01 was able to resist 1 mM concentrations of various metal ions, i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, and Al3+, respectively. As shown in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, cell morphologies were slightly changed under metal stress. Swarming motility showed that the velocity ranking at 80 μM and 1 mM of metal was Al > Cr > LB > Zn > Fe > Cu and Mg > Mn > Ca, respectively. This study evaluates the impact of cultivation methods and metal ions on the activity of S. xiamenensis BC01 and provides an alternative to bioremediation of heavy metal-containing wastewaters by utilizing this strain.
Highlights
Shewanella species belonging to dissimilatory metal bacteria were found to decolorize most textile dyes and had attracted great interests in regard to bioremediation
Bacterial strain Shewanella xiamenensis BC01 has been deposited in the Bioresources Collection and Research Center (BCRC; Hsinchu, Taiwan) as BCRC80598 [15]
To culture S. xiamenensis BC01 (SXM), the cells inoculated from a loopful of seed colony were cultured overnight in 50 ml LB broth at 30 °C, 150 rpm for 12 h
Summary
Shewanella species belonging to dissimilatory metal bacteria were found to decolorize most textile dyes and had attracted great interests in regard to bioremediation. Many microorganisms demonstrated resistance to metals in water, soil, and industrial waste [1] and were intimately involved in metal biogeochemistry with a variety of processes determining mobility and bioavailability [2]. Some microorganisms could enzymatically reduce a variety of metals in metabolic processes that are Dissimilatory metal reduction was proposed to be an early form of microbial respiration [9]. As the reduction of metals by bacteria was generally coupled with the oxidation of organic matter [9, 10], the ability to reduce metals could be exploited for the bioreduction or immobilization of many toxic metals, including cobalt, chromium, uranium, and technetium, and for the biotransformation of organic contaminants to benign products such as carbon dioxide [11, 12].
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