Abstract
This experiment was carried out at the province of Arequipa, to determine broccoli residual effects on the sclerotia population of Sclerotium cepivorum on the soil and determine the best fungicides and biocontrol agents on the biggest red onion production. In two field areas infected with Sclerotium cepivorum , soil samples were carried out to determine the number of sclerotia at the beginning and the end of the trial. One area received broccoli residues before treatment installation. The experiment had a laboratory and a field phase. The block design was used completely randomized (DBCA), using seven fungicide treatments (T1) control, Iprodione (T2), Thiabendazole (T3), Boscalid (T4), Carbendazim (T5), T harzianum (T6), Bacillus subtilis (T7). Both areas received the same treatments. The density of sclerotia in the soil was not significant between these areas. However, the addition of broccoli had lower percentages of incidence and severity and higher yields in all treatments. At the area that received broccoli, the Boscalid (T4) and the Iprodine (T2) fungicide were highlighted with 43.33 T/ha and 28.33 T/ha, respectively; the area without broccoli, the T4 with 38.33 T/ha and T2 with 25.56 T/ha. T5 (Carbendazim) had the lowest yield: 15.00 T/ha without broccoli and 19.58 T/ha with broccoli.
Highlights
The production of the avocado depends on climatic, Peru has an avocado producing area of around 30,320 hectares with a total production of 349,317 tons
Isolation of Sclerotium cepivorum: Colonies of Sclerotium cepivorum isolated in potato dextrose agar oxytetracycline (PDAO) showed the following characteristics: White colony, during the entire mycelial growth, very fine cottony mycelium adhered to the substrate, radial growth colony
Bacillus subtilis inhibits the development of S. cepivorum more rapidly than T. harzianum
Summary
The production of the avocado depends on climatic, Peru has an avocado producing area of around 30,320 hectares with a total production of 349,317 tons. Peru is the second exporter of avocado worldwide, with 175.6 million kilos exported (Arteaga, 2016). Avocado production in Peru will continue to be an attractive business due to the opening of new markets and new consumers who value their nutritional properties. Diseases are one of the factors that augment the production costs of the fruit. Among the most important, is “root rot” caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi (Chromista, Heterokontophyta). This pathogen limits tree development, reduces fruit production and quality, directly affecting profitability
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