Cultural and historical context in the analysis of the concept of "antiterrorism"

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to critically comprehend the concept of "counterterrorism" in the context of the so-called models (strategies) of counterterrorism. The fight against terror is not confined to itself, it has to do with national interests and those factors and forces that prevent their implementation. When considering a specific counterterrorism system at the national level, it is important to take into account both cultural and historical prerequisites and fundamental factors that generate nodal contradictions in society, as well as current situational variables related to the increase in terrorist threats. Only by taking into account these factors and current situational variables that cause the growth of radical and extremist views in society, it is possible to determine the long-term logic of actions in the fight against terrorism and extremism. The author critically interprets the concept of "counterterrorism" in the context of the so-called models (strategies) of counterterrorism, which are actively being developed in modern Western historiography. Achieving this goal is not only the disclosure of the content of each of these models, but also their consideration through the prism of the Russian experience. The main conclusions of the proposed article are that the fight against terrorism should be based on powerful systems of ideological, political and law enforcement structures. A key place here is given to long-term strategic goals related to the root causes of terrorism. The goals of national security and threats, and, therefore, the directions of action should be defined and presented in regularly updated doctrinal documents. From the point of view of researchers, both the level of mastery of the tactical arsenal of hard and soft approaches, instrumental and/or political-symbolic logic of actions, and consideration of the cultural and historical characteristics of a particular society are significant. Theoretical analysis in this context helps to determine the long-term logic of counterterrorism actions when making necessary management decisions, taking into account international and national experience.