Cultivation of hulless barley on optimized technology under the environments of southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia

Abstract

For feed production in particular and animal husbandry in general an important aspect is the improvement of technologies for the cultivation of various forage crops. The purpose of the research was to optimize the technology of cultivation of hulless barley under the environments of the Southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia due to the timing of sowing, seeding rates and the use of chemical agents. The technology of cultivation of hulless barley of the Omsk hulless barley 2 variety on meadow-chernozem soil in the Southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia has been scientifi cally proved and practically confi rmed. The optimal values of the elements of technology such as sowing rate, sowing date and the level of chemicals and their impact on yield and grain quality of hulless barley. The dependence of each element of the technology on the infestation and water consumption of barley has been established. Among the used seeding rates, the grain yield was higher at 4,5 million/ha – 2,56 t/ha. Close result was at 5,5 million/ha – 2,54 t/ha, but taking into account the greater consumption of seeds this option loses. A decrease in seeding to 3,5 million/ha led to decrease in grain yield to 2,37 t/ha. The share of the seeding rate in the yield change was 6,2 %. The optimal yield of gross energy has been observed at the fi rst sowing period and the seeding rate 4,5 million/ha. The increment of gross energy as the diff erence between its output and the total energy consumption reached a maximum against the background of herbicides 32,363 MJ/ha. Here the energy coeffi cient was higher 4,62. Both in terms of bioenergy and economic effi ciency, the best option was to plant 4,5 million/ha against the background of the use of herbicides.