Abstract
Tropical bolete, Phlebopus spongiosus, is an edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom indigenous to northern Thailand. This mushroom has the ability to produce fruiting bodies without the need for a host plant. In this study, the technological cultivation of P. spongiosus was developed. Cultivation experiments indicated that fungal mycelia could completely colonize the cultivation substrate over a period of 85–90 days following inoculation of liquid inoculum. Primordia were induced under lower temperatures, high humidity and a 12-h photoperiod. Mature fruiting bodies were developed from young fruiting bodies within a period of one week. Consequently, yield improvement of P. spongiosus cultivation was determined by high-voltage pulsed stimulation. The results indicated that the highest degree of primordial formation, number of mature fruiting bodies and total weight values were obtained in cultivation experiments involving a high voltage of 40 kV. The total weight of the mushrooms increased by 1.4 times after applying high-voltage pulses when compared with the control. Additionally, the results revealed that the size of the fruiting body and the proximate composition of the fruiting bodies from high-voltage stimulation treatments were not different from the control. This research provides valuable information concerning successful cultivation techniques and yield improvement by high-voltage pulsed stimulation for the large-scale commercial fruiting body production of P. spongiosus.
Highlights
Edible ectomycorrhizal (ECM) mushrooms have long been consumed as a functional food but have been used for medicinal purposes [1,2,3,4]
The requirements involving essential nutrients, host plant associations and the particular conditions for fruiting body production are the primary problems associated with the successful cultivation of ECM mushrooms
The application of high-voltage pulsed stimulation had no effect on the proximate composition of the obtained fruiting bodies
Summary
Edible ectomycorrhizal (ECM) mushrooms have long been consumed as a functional food but have been used for medicinal purposes [1,2,3,4]. The requirements involving essential nutrients, host plant associations and the particular conditions for fruiting body production are the primary problems associated with the successful cultivation of ECM mushrooms. Some of these mushrooms may rely on a specific species of host plant [2,6,7,8,9]. Cultivation of effective fruiting body production for some ECM mushrooms (chanterelles, king boletes, matsutake and truffles) have been established with these host plants [1,2,6]. Only a few ECM mushroom species have the ability to produce fruiting bodies without the need for a host plant when cultivated in a suitable substrate under specific growth conditions [10,11,12,13]
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