CULTIVATION METHODS IMPACT ON SORGHUM GRAIN EFFICIENCY IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA FOREST-STEPPE AREA

Abstract

The purpose of research – increasing productivity of grain sorghum in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga Area. Field experiments on the development of rare crop of grain sorghum cultivation methods in the Middle Volga forest-steppe were carried out in 2010-2012, under fodder crop rotation were by the chair «Plant Breeding» of Samara State Agricultural Academy. Soil of test area is plain black soil residual carbonate with a medium moderately heavy loam. Farming equipment included: stubbling, moldboard plowing, harrowing fall plowing, harrowing early spring the cover, the first cultivation and sowing cultivation to a depth of seeding, seeding planter SSNP-16 with a row spacing of 15 and 45 cm, with herbicide application in the stage of tillering, crops treatment with insecticides upon the occurrence of damage threshold, small plot harvest have been implemented. Field experiments were accompanied by laboratory and field observations and studies by conventional methods. Studying the rate of plants preservation at the time of harvesting, it has been revealed that under the wide-row planting, and this figure has been higher 69,4-90,7%. It has been found that the most fruitful grain sorghum variethas cured to be Premier when seeded 15 cm row spacing and after seeding herbicide treatment – 2,02 t/ha (without the use of mineral fertilizers) and 2,33 t/ha (with the application of mineral fertilizers).