CULTIVATION EFFICIENCY OF "HELIOS" COMMON BARLEY VARIETY ON DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS OF MINERAL NUTRITION AND SEEDING AMOUNT

Abstract

Recently, agricultural producers of Mordovia began to cultivate common more often. In order to form its maximum productivity, it is important to identify its responsiveness to fertilizers and seeding amount in the conditions of the region, which is important in scientific and practical agronomy. Our studies were carried out to reveal potential productivity, grain quality, economic and energy parametres of common barley of "Helios" variety depending on technology elements (fertilizers and seeding amount). Experimental work was carried out on leached black soil in State Unitary Enterprise "Lukhovskoye" of the urban district of Saransk, the Republic of Mordovia, in 2016-2018. "Helios" common barley variety was under study using field and laboratory methods, a two-factor field experiment was set according to the following scheme: factor A (mineral nutrition level) 1.1 – without fertilizers (control); 1.2 - N30P30K30, 1.3 - N60P60K60, 1.4 - N60P60K60, 1.5 - N90P90K90; factor B (seeding amount, mln pcs/ha) 2.1 – 2.5; 2.2 - 3.0; 2.3 - 3.0; 2.4 - 3.5; 2.5 - 4.5 Agrochemical soil composition was typical for this type. It was revealed that the maximum grain yield was in case of application of N60P60K60, N90P90K90 and the sowing of 4.0 and 4.5 million/ha of seeds (2.74 - 3.05 t/ha), which was formed due to density increase of productive stems; maximum value of gross output was noted in case of application of N90P90K90 and sowing of 4.5 million/ha of seeds (51850 rubles/ha); the highest net operating profit (26,980 rubles/ha) and energy balance (31.4 GJ/ha) was achieved in case of application of N30P30K30 and sowing of 4.5 million/ha of seeds.