CULTIVATING SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS: INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) FOR SAFER AND GREENER AGRONOMY

Abstract

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) provides a sustainable and ecologically sound approach to address the continuous threat posed by pests in agriculture. This comprehensive review explores the implementation of IPM within agronomic systems, covering a range of strategies such as cultural practices, biological control, host plant resistance, and physical/mechanical control. Cultural practices involve modifying agricultural operations to create an unfavorable environment for insect multiplication and prevent pest population buildup, while biological control utilizes beneficial insects to combat pests. Host plant resistance entails developing crop varieties with inherent resistance to pests, reducing the need for chemical interventions. Physical and mechanical control methods offer eco-friendly alternatives, involving physical barriers and trapping techniques to manage localized pest outbreaks. Decision-making in IPM involves evaluating pest populations, economic thresholds, and phenological forecasts to determine appropriate control measures. Success stories demonstrate the real-world application and potential benefits of IPM in diverse agricultural settings. However, challenges such as limited farmer knowledge and access to resources, as well as resistance management, hinder widespread adoption. Exciting opportunities lie in digital technologies, precision agriculture, biotechnological innovations, and climate-resilient strategies. Strengthened farmer training, public-private collaborations, and informed decision-making are crucial for the successful future of IPM, ensuring sustainable food production and global food security.