CuIn 1 − xAl xSe 2 thin films obtained by selenization of evaporated metallic precursor layers

Abstract

CuIn 1 − x Al x Se 2 (CIAS) thin films were grown by a two stage process. Cu, In and Al layers were sequentially evaporated and subsequently heated with elemental selenium in a quasi-closed graphite box. Different x values (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) were obtained by varying the Al and In precursor layers thicknesses. Selenization conditions such as Se amount provided during the selenization process were adjusted in order to optimize the film properties. Polycrystalline CuIn 1 − x Al x Se 2 thin films with chalcopyrite structure were obtained. Referred to CuInSe 2 thin films the lattice parameters, the (112) orientation and the average crystallite size decreased and the band gap energy increased with increasing Al content. To optimize structural properties of the CIAS films a higher Se amount was required as the x value increased. The incorporation of Al changed the thin film morphology towards smaller grain sizes and less compact structures.