Cuidados paliativos na emergência: invocando Kairós e repensando os sistemas de saúde

Abstract

Acute crises of decompensation of a chronic disease are, in most cases, handled in an Emergency Room setting. In these services, emergency care professionals face several challenges, such as incomplete information on the patient’s disease, scarce resources, and the pressure of having to make decisions in a short time. In this context, what can be done to provide patient-centered care that is at the same time technically appropriate and aligned with their values? Understanding the patient's situation in relation to their disease; talking to the patient about their clinical condition, comprehending their values and feelings; and understanding time as Kairos - that is, the time of the consultation as an opportunity to understand the patient’s needs and build a shared therapeutic plan - are possible solutions to this challenge. Proper handling of patients with severe diseases requires that all links of health care systems are functional and coordinated from primary health care to hospital and home care, starting with the education of health care professionals and the strengthening of work settings that foster the expression of Kairos. This is a long and fundamental path for health care systems such as the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) and that health managers and professionals should not afford to ignore.