Cuidadores y cuidadoras familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica en Colombia: más similitudes que diferencias

Abstract

Objective: To describe and compare the burden level of the male and female relative caregivers of people with chronic diseases in Colombia. Methodology: A descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study that was carried out between 2012 and 2014 with 1,555 relative caregivers of people with chronic disease living in the five geographical regions of Colombia. The GCPC-A-C instruments for characterization and the Caregiver Perception of Burden Survey of Zarit in order to determine the perceived burden were used. Results: In the group of relative caregivers of the study, 80.3% belong to the Andean region, 5.6% were from the Pacific region, 3.6 % from the Orinoco region, 6.6% from the Caribbean region, and 3.6% from the Amazon region. The average age is 50. Most of them are spouses, children or parents of the care receiver and they spend at least a quarter of the day for his/ her work as caregivers. Most of them have more than 36 months caring for the sick relative. 31% of male caregivers and 33% of female careers expressed to be experiencing an overload with the care of his/her relative. Conclusions: The findings reflect the existence of a majority of female relative caregivers of people with chronic disease, as reported in another studies in Latin America. Unlike previous research, there is no strong difference in the perceived and the expressed load by caregivers, according to gender.