CUDA-based focused Gaussian beams second-harmonic generation efficiency calculator

Abstract

We present an object-oriented programming (OOP) CUDA-based package for fast and accurate simulation of second-harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency using focused Gaussian beams. The model includes linear as well as two-photon absorption that can ultimately lead to thermal lensing due to self-heating effects. Our approach speeds up calculations by nearly 40x (11x) without (with) temperature profiles with respect to an equivalent implementation using CPU. The package offers a valuable tool for experimental design and study of 3D field propagation in nonlinear three-wave interactions. It is useful for optimization of SHG-based experiments and mitigates undesired thermal effects, enabling improved oven designs and advanced device architectures, leading to stable, efficient high-power SHG. Program summaryProgram Title:cuSHGCPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/hn76s7x848.1Developer's repository link:https://github.com/alfredos84/cuSHGLicensing provisions: MITProgramming language:▪, CUDANature of problem: The problem that is solved in this work is that of second-harmonic generation (SHG) performance degradation in a nonlinear crystal with focused Gaussian beams due to thermal effects. By placing the nonlinear crystal in an oven that controls temperature, the package computes the involved electric fields along the medium. The implemented model includes the linear and nonlinear absorption which occasionally lead to self-heating effect, degrading the performance of the SHG.Solution method:: The coupled differential equations for three-wave interactions, which describe the field evolution along the crystal are solved using the well-known Split-Step Fourier method. The temperature profiles are estimated using the finite-elements method. The field evolution and thermal effects are embedded in a self-consistent algorithm that sequentially and separately solves the electromagnetic and thermal problems until the system reaches the steady state. Due to the eventual computational demand that some problems may have, we chose to implement the coupled equations in the ▪/CUDA programming language. This allows us to significantly speed up simulations, thanks to the computing power provided by a graphics processing unit (GPU) card. The output files obtained are the interacting electric fields and the temperature profile, which have to be analyzed during post-processing.