Abstract
Abstract In melon (Cucumis melo) the resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) and the knowledge about reproductive characteristics are important for selection of genitors for breeding population. So, the objective was to investigate if different accessions of melon from a Brazilian germplasm bank have variability in resistance to CMV (FNY strain) and polymorphism in resistance loci markers, as well as whether there is genetic diversity on resistance and floral morphology descriptors and reproductive biology, aiming at genetic improvement. The symptoms induced by CMV were evaluated in 52 melon genotypes which were genotyped with three markers of single nucleotide polymorphisms related to CMV resistance. A sample of 24 genotypes was characterized for floral and reproductive descriptors. The significant variation in resistance levels allows classifying the accessions in five groups. The polymorphisms detected by the markers were independently distributed in these groups, consistent with the oligogenic quantitative expression of the melon’s resistance. There were significant differences between accessions in floral and reproductive descriptors. Through the Ward-MLM multivariate strategy, these accesses were distributed into seven groups with distinct reproductive characteristics, including variability in pollen viability. Therefore, there are Brazilian accessions of melon that have resistance to CMV, as well as variability in reproductive characteristics.
Highlights
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a tropical crop of high commercial value, originating from central Asia and Africa, with its greatest botanical diversity found in India, Iran, Afghanistan and China
Symptomatology and genetic polymorphism concerning to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) resistance -In scale-based evaluation of scores attributed to phenotypic modifications after artificial CMV inoculation, highly significant differences in symptoms were observed between the different DAI numbers
The distribution of scores among the accessions in the 7th DAI showed a high coefficient of variation (CV = 62%), and this statistical parameter was reduced at the 14th DAI (54%) and considerably lower in the 21st DAI (34%), this last point of observation was adopted for the other analyzes because the symptoms of both controls (PI and Pele de Sapo’ (PS)) were typical of the disease, as described in the literature
Summary
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a tropical crop of high commercial value, originating from central Asia and Africa, with its greatest botanical diversity found in India, Iran, Afghanistan and China. Brazil has a large sample of germplasm variability, with varieties and unique cultivars, conserved and produced by local producers. Much of the diversity of the C. melo Brazilian germplasm is conserved in the Cucurbitaceae germplasm bank of the Federal University of Semiarid (UFERSA), culture productive region in Brazil (DANTAS et al, 2012; ARAGÃO et al, 2013). Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) belongs to the Bromoviridae family, genus Cucumovirus, and is highly destructive and reported to infect more than 1,200 plant species worldwide (MORRONI et al, 2008; DUBEY et al, 2015). The main symptoms induced by the virus are mosaics, leaf distortion, plant discoloration and yellowing, which are associated with large yield losses in melon plants. Symptom scores range from 0 to 5, with a score of 0 showing no symptoms; score 1, with very light mosaic only on the first one or two leaves; score 2, light mosaic on all leaves; score 3, stronger mosaic on all leaves; score 4, very strong mosaic with some wavy leaves; score 5, very strong mosaic with wavy and very small leaves and small plants
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