Cubic–quartic optical solitons in birefringent fibers with four forms of nonlinear refractive index

Abstract

This paper studies cubic–quartic solitons in birefringent fibers having Kerr, parabolic, quadratic–cubic and non–local laws of refractive index. Bright, dark and singular solitons are recovered by Riccati function approach, sine-Gordon function technique and F-expansion scheme.