Cu-Zn interaction regulating via heat treatment and the ultra-deep desulfurization for thiophene over Cu/ZnO sorbent

Abstract

The ultra-deep removal of thiophene is a necessary process for the coke oven gas (COG) to methane technology via methanation. It is usually carried out using copper-zinc (Cu-Zn) based sorbent, which was reported to has excellent desulfurization performance, however the effect of Cu-Zn interaction on the desulfurization activity of the sorbent is still need to be further understood. Here, the sorbent precursor was prepared via co-precipitation method, and it was treated at different temperatures to obtain a series of sorbents with different Cu-Zn interaction. The fixed bed reactor was used to evaluate the desulfurization performance, the XPS and H2-TPR was carried out to determine the Cu-Zn interaction in sorbents, and the N2 adsorption, XRD, N2O adsorption, FT-IR were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of samples. The results show that the Cu-Zn interaction could be effectively controlled by heat treatment temperature. At 300 °C, the sorbent precursor would be easily transformed into Cu-Zn solid solution, where the Cu-Zn interaction is strong, and the dispersion of Cu on the sorbent surface is maximized (16.0 %). Those greatly increase the desulfurization activity, and the breakthrough adsorption capacity for thiophene could reach up to 25.1 mg/g. At 250 °C, the temperature is not enough for the transforming of sorbent precursor into Cu-Zn solid solution, so that the breakthrough adsorption capacity for thiophene is only 12.4 mg/g. Whereas, when the temperature is higher than 350 °C, the Cu-Zn solid solution would be further transformed into CuO and ZnO, which significantly decreases the desulfurization activity. In addition, the density functional theory (DFT) calculation results provide further evidence that strong Cu-Zn interaction is beneficial to the desulfurization behavior of sorbent. This work provides both theoretical guidance for promoting the desulfurization performance of copper-based sorbents.