Abstract
Cu-Si nanocomposites formed by an immersion displacement deposition of Cu into porous silicon (PS) matrix have been experimentally studied. SEM and AES were used to investigate the structure and elemental composition of Cu-Si samples. The top part of the Cu-PS samples is shown to demonstrate the following structure: large faceted Cu grains at the top, a porous fine-grained copper film underneath the large grains, and the copper pointed rods extended from the surface into the PS layer. The top part of the silicon skeleton of the PS layer is converted into the copper by the etching followed by Cu displacement deposition. The porosity of the porous layer and displacement deposition times are found to form Cu-Si nanocomposites of various structures and various Cu-Si contents because of various extent of the silicon skeleton transformation into copper.
Highlights
The development of biosensing techniques to overcome the problem of reliable detection, identification, and structural study of diverse bioorganic molecules at ultralow concentrations is still an urgent objective of specialists in many spheres including medicine, biology, forensics, ecology, Biosensors 2019, 9, 34; doi:10.3390/bios9010034 www.mdpi.com/journal/biosensorsBiosensors 2019, 9, 34 pharmaceutics so on.This is proven by the statistics on “biosensing” papers, the number2 ofof19which 8, x FOR PEERREVIEW has increased greatly in the last years (Figure 1)
It is known that particles of the coinage metals can be deposited on the porous silicon (por-Si) surface because of oxidation of silicon atoms with silver ions from the solution and their following reduction in an atomic form [38,40,56]
The surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active layer of these substrates presents non-continuous film composed of quasi-spherical silver particles of polycrystalline nature, which dominating sizes are in the range of 10–150 nm, some of them have diameters of 150–700 nm
Summary
The development of biosensing techniques to overcome the problem of reliable detection, identification, and structural study of diverse bioorganic molecules at ultralow concentrations is still an urgent objective of specialists in many spheres including medicine, biology, forensics, ecology, Biosensors 2019, 9, 34; doi:10.3390/bios9010034 www.mdpi.com/journal/biosensorsBiosensors 2019, 9, 34 pharmaceutics so on.This is proven by the statistics on “biosensing” papers, the number ofof19which 8, x FOR PEERREVIEW has increased greatly in the last years (Figure 1). There has been a rapid growth of interest nanomaterials, which are able to find molecules in physiological liquids and living cells at extremely in biosensing studies involving a variety of optical systems, devices and methods combined with tests, low concentrations (Figure 1, inset) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. The main goals of these studies include non-invasive nanomaterials, which are able to find molecules in physiological liquids and living cells at extremely medical diagnostics and therapy of different types of cancer [6,8], brain diseases [9], viruses-induced low concentrations (Figure 1, inset) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Accuracy and reliability are important requirements medical diagnostics and therapy of different types of cancer [6,8], brain diseases [9], viruses-induced of desirable to reduce risks false results
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