Cu-MCM-41 nanoparticles: An efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles via [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of nitriles and sodium azide

Abstract

[3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of various types of nitriles and sodium azide (NaN 3) were studied in the presence of nano-sized Cu-MCM-41 as an efficient recoverable heterogeneous catalyst. Nano-sized Cu-MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves with various Si/Cu molar ratios were synthesized by direct insertion of metal ions at room temperature. The textural properties of the materials have been studied by means of XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM techniques. Catalytic behavior of Cu-MCM-41 was also investigated by pyridine absorption and potentiometric titration. The reactions data verified characterization results and show that Cu-MCM-41 with Si/Cu molar ratio of 20 has considerably better catalytic activity compared to the other molar ratios. To investigate reusability, the catalyst was recovered by simple filtration and reused for several cycles with consistent activity. Nano-sized Cu-MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves with various Si/Cu molar ratios were synthesized by direct insertion of metal ions at room temperature. [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of various types of nitriles and sodium azide (NaN3) were studied in the presence of nano-sized Cu-MCM-41 as an efficient recoverable heterogeneous catalyst.