Abstract
We have measured the energy loss of Cu, I and Au ions in six elemental solids targets (C, Al, Cu, Ag, Ta and Au) at energies near and below the maximum of the stopping power curve. The low-velocity Barkas and Bloch correction terms are calculated and compared with values from four different formalisms applied to several projectiles (p, C, Al, Cu, I and Au) in various targets. The effective charge parameters deduced from stopping powers by using high-order approximations are found to be very sensitive to the model serving to determine the Barkas and Bloch effects. Finally, the formalism giving the best agreement is used to deduce from our measurements the effective charge parameter and to study its dependence on the stopping medium. Our results are compared with previous calculations that include z 3 and z 4 effects.
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