Abstract
BackgroundVacuolar invertases (VINs) have been reported to regulate plant growth and development and respond to abiotic stresses such as drought and cold. With our best knowledge, the functions of VIN genes little have been reported in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). Therefore, it is necessary to develop research in this field.ResultsHere, we identified a VIN gene, CsINV5, which was induced by cold acclimation and sugar treatments in the tea plant. Histochemical assays results showed that the 1154 bp 5′-flanking sequence of CsINV5 drove β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene expression in roots, stems, leaves, flowers and siliques of transgenic Arabidopsis during different developmental stages. Moreover, promoter deletion analysis results revealed that an LTRE-related motif (CCGAAA) and a WBOXHVISO1 motif (TGACT) within the promoter region of CsINV5 were the core cis-elements in response to low temperature and sugar signaling, respectively. In addition, overexpression of CsINV5 in Arabidopsis promoted taproot and lateral root elongation through glucose-mediated effects on auxin signaling. Based on physiological and RNA-seq analysis, we found that overexpression of CsINV5 improved cold tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis mainly by increasing the contents of glucose and fructose, the corresponding ratio of hexose to sucrose, and the transcription of osmotic-stress-related genes (P5CS1, P5CS2, AtLEA3, COR413-PM1 and COR15B) to adjust its osmotic potential.ConclusionsComprehensive experimental results suggest that overexpression of CsINV5 may enhance the cold tolerance of plant through the modification of cellular sugar compounds contents and osmotic regulation related pathways.
Highlights
Vacuolar invertases (VINs) have been reported to regulate plant growth and development and respond to abiotic stresses such as drought and cold
Based on the above results, we demonstrate that CsINV5 encodes a VIN protein in tea plant
Among the INV activities, we found that VIN activity was significantly higher in CsINV5-OE than in WT under both normal and cold conditions, though the transcription of the gene (AtVIN1) corresponding to native VIN activity was reduced at low temperatures (Additional file 1: Figure S4a), which suggests that CsINV5 was successfully expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis
Summary
Vacuolar invertases (VINs) have been reported to regulate plant growth and development and respond to abiotic stresses such as drought and cold. The functions of VIN genes little have been reported in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). It is necessary to develop research in this field Sugars, such as sucrose (Suc), glucose (Glc) and fructose (Fru), are reported to act as osmoprotectants and ROS scavengers to stabilize membranes and as signaling molecules to regulate gene expression when plants are exposed to low temperatures [1,2,3,4]. AIs are part of glycoside hydrolase family GH32 and are further subdivided as cell wall bound INVs (CWIN) and vacuolar INVs (VIN) according to their subcellular localization.
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